Norman Abbey
402-2475 York Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V6K 1C9
(604)738-7963    <iabbey@alternatives.com>
________________________________________________________________________
 

Nuclear weapons are a crime.  Nanoose is part of that crime.

(A personal objection)

Nanoose Expropriation Hearings
1111 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC              August 13, 1999

A  large  number (350 ) of objectors were refused a hearing in this forum
for reasons as trivial  as  using ordinary 46-cent stamps on their letters.
 The notice of hearings was inadequate and confusing, and the deadline  was
arbitrary and unfair given the importance of the question.   Another large
large number of objectors (670)  didn't receive a timely reply to their
objection  because of a 'computer error'.   Moreover,  a large number of
submissions  from those objectors who did qualify , were rejected as
"irrelevant"  by hearing officer D.M.M. Goldie who interpreted his role as
exceedingly narrow.  All of this has convinced  me that the people most
directly at risk from the  consequences of expropriating Nanoose to
accommodate nuclear reactors and nuclear warheads have NOT received a
meaningful  hearing at all,  and that the  Minister of Public Works will
NOT hear what he needs to know in order to make a rational and informed
decision. Personally I don't believe that this process is even legal.

Hearings officer Mr. D.M.M. Goldie has repeatedly stated that  important
concerns raised by objectors are for courts of law to deal with,  and that
they are of no concern to him or to the minister of Public Works.  For
example, regarding the illegality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons
Mr. Goldie stated on Thursday Aug. 12 that since this  hasn't been tested
in a Canadian court,  he can   merely pass on to  the minister that  it is
a "belief" of some objectors that nuclear weapons are illegal, and that
some objectors  "believe" Canada is breaking the law by accepting them at
Nanoose.

Yet among the many submissions  specifically rejected as "irrelevant"  by
Mr. Goldie  was a letter from  Dr. David Suzuki  to the Prime Minister
requesting  precisely such a test:  that a Canadian Court  determine
whether Nanoose is in compliance with the World Court ruling (that nuclear
weapons are indeed illegal).  So when *will* a Canadian court  look at this
question?  Should Canadians passively  wait for that to somehow just
"happen",  instead of actively revising our policy to conform with the
World Court ruling  which is already  more than three years old?

Suzuki  is not the first one to request such a ruling.  The  all-party
Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Trade  was
requested to do that in 1998:

Nanoose Conversion Campaign  (Feb. 26, 1998 SC-FAIT transcript):   "
...with the World Court decision,  I hope we don't have to see court cases
where community groups have to go to court to say Nanoose is illegal, for
example. In  our view the operation of Nanoose certainly contravenes the
spirit and the intent of the World Court decision. "

 Committee member Ted McWhinney responded that:

Mr. Ted McWhinney:  "I think the judge is following a somewhat different
judicial philosophy. The world court judges envisage that their decision
would be applied and tested in lots of low-level cases and in their view
there's a highly educational function in that but from your viewpoint it's
very expensive. In fact, I'm amazed that you can support the legal costs
for these sorts of operations. It's a rhetorical question."

Mr. McWhinney  was right.  Community groups  don't have funds to conduct
these kind of court cases. But they do however have a legitimate
expectation  that the Canadian Government  obey the rule of law.  N.C.C.
and McWhinney were both right.  Citizens shouldn't  have to go to court to
force their elected representatives to compy  with  the law, especially if
the law is clear, and clearly in the public interest.  The minister can
simply abandon  this expropriation.  If there is  any doubt, however, it is
the Government's responsibility  to refer such  questions to a court on our
behalf,  as Dr. David Suzuki and  Mr. McWhinney have both advocated.   But
the Canadian government has not done this.  The Canadian government has
instead ignored the letter from Dr. Suzuki,  just like Mr. Goldie has
ignored it.

That's not good enough.   That is not a legitimate hearing.  What happens
when the government  ignores public  input  given in good faith on serious
issues?   I'd like you (Mr. Goldie) to pass on to the minister several
examples - a German judge, a Canadian judge, a Canadian law professor and a
British jury.

 In 1995, visiting German judge Ulf Panzer described  how he and twenty
other judges in 1987 blockaded a road in  Mutlangen,W. Germany  -  where US
nuclear weapons were stationed.

        ===================================
        19 judges arrested for blocking missile base
        The Globe and Mail, Wednesday, January 14, 1987

        AP  Mutlangen, West Germany - Police said yesterday they arrested 19
        judges and three other people who blocked the entrance to a U.S-operated
        Pershing 2 missile base in Mutlangen on Monday ...   (etc)

        ===================================
        Lawyers demonstrate to back judges
        Vancouver Sun,   January 17, 1987 - by Miguel Moya

        A lawyers' group held a demonstration in the Robson
        Square law courts building Friday to show support for 19 West German
        judges arrested at a nuclear-missile base earlier this week.
 
         Bruce Torrie, a spokesman for Lawyers for Social Responsibility, said
        "It'something that has never happened before. Judges traditionally do not
        involve themselves in public matters, but here these judges have risked
        their professional careers to make a statement."

        The West German judges said they were protesting over the illegality of the
        Pershing 2 missile and declaring their opposition to NATO's policy of first
        use of nuclear weapons.

[N.B. this event was nine years BEFORE the landmark ICJ ruling of 1996.  This
"expropriation" of BC territory to accomodate US nuclear weapons is
ocurring three years AFTER.]

        ====================================================

Two years after the German judges' demonstration (and many others),
Pershing-2 missiles were removed from Germany and the Berlin Wall came
down.   In 1989   Canadian judge  W. G. Craig  acknowledged  that such acts
of conscience are not only legitimate but welcome.  Judge Craig aquitted
Greenpeace activists who had spray-painted radiation symbols on an
nuclear-equipped  aircraft carrier in Vancouver.

Justice Craig said  that

          "...it's probably true that in Canada we don't look upon protesters as
        we ought to, because this country has become probably, in the democratic
        world, the most docile of all people.  We tend not to react to government
        policy decisions as vocally and as actively as we might.   It's become the
        Canadian personality, I suppose, to react too passively.  ...It is a
remarkable
        thing that the government has seen fit to invite this type of (nuclear)
equipment
        into Vancouver, in view of the serious concerns that people have about it.
        It really invites protest ...I can only speculate that in future there
will be more
        protests and I can understand why."

In 1993,  we witnessed  another  dramatic example (at Clayoquot Sound) of
what can happen when Governments fail to really listen. Law professor and
former cabinet minister Mark MacGuigan,  in an essay titled "Democracy &
Civil Disobedience",  points out that scholars are nearly unanimous that
civil disobedience is legitimate when available legal means of bringing
about the desired change are exhausted.  Very relevant  to the nuclear
debate is MacGuigan's reference to the passage of time:   "...if the matter
which distresses a minority group   appears to be serious, it is no
solution to suggest the possibility of reform of the law at some millennium."

 [N.B. in this case MacGuigan's  'minority' is actually a 93% majority]

Furthermore, MacGuigan says  "It is one thing to oppose the ...policy that
a community has arrived at through full and open discourse; it is quite
another to violate the decisions that a coterie of men have privately
fashioned and publicly defended through the mass media of propaganda."

The Liberal government of Canada has adopted  the latter strategy, and
these "hearings" appear to follow suit  - specifically by judging
"irrelevant"  letters such as Dr. Suzuki's request  for a judicial review
of Nanoose,  requests from  BC political leaders  for full and open public
review of Nanoose and letters  from Defence Minister Eggleton and from the
Prime Minister which document their refusal to comply with the World Court
or even to discuss the matter.
 
In 1997, British activist Andrea Needham and two friends used an ordinary
hammer to pound  $3 million worth of disarmament into  the control panels,
wings  and fuselage of a fighter jet destined for sale to Indonesia. They
took this action only after many years of peace activism on behalf of East
Timor, which was invaded by Indonesia in 1975 .  More than one third of
East Timor's population of 200,000 had been killed by the Indonesian
military.  The jury found that Needham  was not guilty.   In British law,
citizens have a right  and a duty to use  force to prevent a crime.

Nuclear weapons are a crime. Operations at Nanoose are part of that crime.

Thank you,
                Norman Abbey
                August 13, 1999
 

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